Azithromycin, administered intravenously at 500mg, inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. This action prevents peptide bond formation, halting bacterial growth and ultimately leading to bacterial cell death.
Absorption after IV administration is immediate, achieving peak plasma concentrations rapidly. Distribution is extensive, with high concentrations found in various tissues, including the lungs, skin, and reproductive organs. This wide distribution contributes to its efficacy against a range of infections.
Azithromycin exhibits a long half-life, typically around 68 hours. This allows for once-daily dosing, simplifying treatment regimens and improving patient compliance. The drug is primarily metabolized in the liver, with excretion occurring through both biliary and renal pathways. Renal impairment can influence elimination; therefore, dosage adjustments might be necessary for patients with compromised kidney function.
Monitoring serum levels is generally not routinely required, but therapeutic drug monitoring may be considered in specific clinical situations, particularly in severe infections or cases of suspected drug interactions.
Remember to always consult prescribing information for detailed guidance on dosage, administration, and potential drug interactions.
