Carbonate rocks are sedimentary rocks composed primarily of carbonate minerals. Here’s a categorized list, focusing on common types:
Limestones
Limestones form from the accumulation of calcium carbonate, often from marine organisms’ skeletons and shells. Consider these varieties: Coquina (composed of shell fragments), Chalk (fine-grained, composed of microscopic coccoliths), Micrite (fine-grained, mud-supported), and Oolitic Limestone (composed of ooids, small spherical grains).
Dolostones
Dolostones are similar to limestones but contain significant dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2). They often form through alteration of existing limestones, replacing calcite with dolomite. This alteration process is influenced by factors like fluid flow and chemistry.
Other Carbonate Rocks
Beyond limestones and dolostones, various other carbonate rocks exist. Travertine, for instance, precipitates from hot springs or caves. Tufa is a porous, freshwater limestone. These rocks display diverse textures and compositions, reflecting their unique formation environments.
Remember, specific classifications might incorporate additional criteria like grain size, composition, and depositional environment. For detailed analyses, consult geological literature and field guides.
