Valsartan lowers blood pressure by specifically blocking the action of angiotensin II, a powerful hormone that narrows blood vessels. This narrowing increases blood pressure.
Angiotensin II achieves this vasoconstriction by binding to angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1 receptors) in blood vessel walls. Valsartan acts as an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), competitively inhibiting angiotensin II from binding to these receptors. By preventing angiotensin II’s action, Valsartan allows blood vessels to relax and widen, thus reducing peripheral resistance and lowering blood pressure.
This mechanism also contributes to reduced blood volume. Angiotensin II stimulates the release of aldosterone, a hormone that causes the kidneys to retain sodium and water. By blocking angiotensin II, Valsartan reduces aldosterone release, leading to increased sodium and water excretion, further contributing to blood pressure reduction.
The resulting decrease in blood pressure is a gradual process, typically observed over several weeks of consistent medication use. Dosage and individual patient responses vary. Always follow your doctor’s instructions carefully.
