Cephalexin combats bacterial infections by interfering with the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. Specifically, it inhibits the formation of peptidoglycans, crucial components providing structural integrity to the bacterial cell. This disruption leads to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Spectrum of Activity
Cephalexin is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic effective against a range of Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus (some methicillin-sensitive strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Its activity against Gram-negative bacteria is more limited, effectively targeting organisms like Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, but resistance is increasingly common.
Common Uses
Doctors frequently prescribe cephalexin for treating various infections, such as skin infections (impetigo, cellulitis), respiratory tract infections (pharyngitis, tonsillitis), urinary tract infections (cystitis, pyelonephritis), and bone and joint infections. However, appropriate antibiotic selection depends on the specific pathogen and its susceptibility profile; always follow your doctor’s recommendations.
Important Note:
Cephalexin, like all antibiotics, carries potential side effects. These can include gastrointestinal issues (diarrhea, nausea), allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling), and rarely, more severe complications. Consult a healthcare professional immediately if you experience any adverse reactions. Do not use cephalexin without a doctor’s prescription.
