Prednisone can weaken the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the muscle ring that prevents stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus. This weakening occurs because prednisone reduces the production of prostaglandins, substances that help maintain LES tone and pressure.
This decreased pressure allows stomach acid to more easily reflux into the esophagus, leading to heartburn and other symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The extent of this effect varies from person to person and depends on factors like dosage and duration of prednisone use.
Certain individuals are more susceptible than others. Those with pre-existing GERD, for example, are at higher risk of experiencing worsened symptoms while on prednisone.
Managing this side effect involves lifestyle modifications. Eating smaller, more frequent meals, avoiding trigger foods (like fatty or spicy foods), and elevating the head of your bed can help. Your doctor might also recommend antacids or other medications to control stomach acid production.
Open communication with your physician is key. Report any heartburn or reflux symptoms promptly, as they can indicate a need for adjustment in your medication or treatment plan. Prompt attention minimizes potential complications.
